titrant

In this experiment, the applied current is equivalent to a titrant.

E is recorded at intervals as the titrant is added.

A plot of the current against volume of added titrant will be a straight line.

What happens if some other species which reacts with the analyte (the titrant) is added?

The meter reading (in millivolts) is plotted against the volume of titrant.

Alternatively, the presence of free titrant (indicating that the reaction is complete) can be detected at very low levels.

The molar concentration of titrant (N) is calculated as such:

Let A represent the titrant, and B the titrand.

Acidity is measured in a similar way by using dilute sodium hydroxide as the titrant.

It can also occur where the reaction between titrant and titrand does not proceed to stoichiometric completion.

The electrode potential may also be chosen such that the titrant is reduced, but the analyte is not.

However, the base of the titrant is stronger than the conjugate base of the acid.

Complexometric titrations rely on the formation of a complex between the analyte and the titrant.

Thus the potentiometric titration involve measurement of E with the addition of titrant.

In a similar manner, when the titrant is in excess past the endpoint, a linear temperature response can also be anticipated.

This method is most useful when the excess titrant can be reduced, as in the titration of halides with Ag.

In this case, the presence of excess titrant is easily detected by the increase in current above background (charging) current.

In practice, the use of EDTA as a titrant is well established...

The volume of titrant used to cause a permanent color change in the sample is recorded and used to calculate the TAN value.

This is due to the insolubility of the starch-iodine complex which may prevent some of the iodine reacting with the titrant.

After the equivalence point, the solution will contain two bases: the conjugate base of the acid and the strong base of the titrant.

Depending on whether the reaction between the titrant and analyte is exothermic or endothermic, the temperature will either rise or fall during the titration.

When aluminium ion (say as aluminium nitrate) is employed as the titrant, fluoride can be determined using the same chemistry.

The chief advantage over other types of titration is the selectivity offered by the electrode potential, as well as by the choice of titrant.

Small volumes of the titrant are then added to the analyte and indicator until the indicator changes, reflecting arrival at the endpoint of the titration.