therapsida

Evidence for their first appearance are shown in fossils of Therapsida, from which mammals descend.

In their published findings, the three paleontologists suggest the fossil is a member of the group cynodont Therapsida.

Thus the mammalian ear ossicles were once bones in the jaw of early proto-mammals, the Therapsida.

The Cynodonts are a sub-order of the Therapsida.

Therapsida: Mammals and extinct relatives" Tree of Life "

A review of fighting adaptation in dinocephalians (Reptilia, Therapsida).

Instead, it represents a paraphyletic "grade" of basal synapsids leading up to the clade Therapsida.

This feature first arose among the Therapsida (mammal-like reptiles) during the Permian, and has continued to the present day.

Class Mammalia (phylogenetically, a clade within Therapsida; see below)

On the validity of the therocephalian family Lycosuchidae (Reptilia, Therapsida)"."

Within Sphenacodontia is the group Sphenacodontoidea, which in turn contains Sphenacodontidae and Therapsida.

The cranial anatomy of the early Therocephalia (Amniota: Therapsida).

Eupelycosauria is used to designate the clade that includes most Pelycosaurs along with the Therapsida and the Mammals.

Cynodonta belongs to clade Therapsida, which was the first major clade along the line of Synapsida.

James Hopson and Herbert Barghusen in 1986 provided the first cladistic study of the Therapsida.

In traditional vertebrate classification, the Pelycosauria and Therapsida were both considered orders of the subclass Synapsida.

Their status as a separate class is traditional Linnaean taxonomy: as a clade they are a sub-group of the Therapsida.

The reptilian changes and adaptations to diet and geography are chronicled in the fossil record of the varying forms of therapsida.

The earliest fossil attributed to Therapsida is Tetraceratops insignis from the Lower Permian.

The genus is the most basal known member of the paraphyletic order Therapsida, from which the class Mammalia is a descendant taxon.

More common in traditional taxonomy is to include all descendants (say, living mammals) without the group they evolved from (which would be some clade in the therapsida).

The postcranial skeleton of Kingoria nowacki (von Huene) (Therapsida, Dicynodontia).

Phthinosuchia was named by American paleontologist Everett C. Olson in 1961, who considered it the most primitive infraorder within Therapsida.

However, later studies have questioned the placement of Tetraceratops within Therapsida, and the 2009 phylogenetic analysis using Raranimus places the genus outside of the clade.

Sphenacodontoidea is a node-based clade that defined to include the most recent common ancestor of the Sphenacodontidae and the Therapsida and their descendants (including mammals).