the Vatican City State

Since then, the elected monarch of the Vatican City state has been the current pope.

The Vatican City state switched to the euro like Italy.

He was later appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to the Vatican City State.

"Researching the Law of Vatican City State"

Under its current name of the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, it still fulfills that function for the Vatican City State.

Vatican City, or Vatican City State, an independent state ruled by the Roman Catholic pope.

However, by the Lateran Treaty of 1929, the Kingdom of Italy recognised an independent Vatican City state, and vice versa.

Vatican stamps are produced under the authority of the Philatelic and Numismatic Office of the Vatican City State.

The legal entity of the Holy See is distinct from that of the Vatican City state and all foreign relations are accredited to the Holy See.

Between annexation of the Papal States in 1870 and the establishment of the Vatican City State in 1929, the number of nations that recognized the Holy See increased.

The territory of the diocese includes Vatican City State and the city of Rome, capital of the Italian Republic, with distinct vicars general for the two parts:

Although the Vatican City State abolished the death penalty for all offences in 1969, there has never been an official statement from the Holy See condemning governments' use of the death penalty.

This despite Pius' diplomatic efforts to secure Catholic freedom within the arena of European politics, which also ended the Roman Question and led to the establishment of the Vatican City State.

He is the current President of the Fabric of Saint Peter, Archpriest of St. Peter's Basilica, and Vicar General for the Vatican City State.

In May 2006 Dede Reshat received the President of the Governorate of Vatican City State, Cardinal Giovanni Lajolo, at the Mother Tekke in Tirana.

Cardinal Giovanni Lajolo, who runs the Vatican City state, said The Pontiff would certainly prefer an electric popemobile to a traditional, petroleum-powered one given the priority he has given to making the Vatican a leader in green energy.

In 1988 the messages received the imprimatur of Cardinal Petrus Canisius Van Lierde, Vicar General for the Vatican City State, whose general duties were the administration of daily functions of Vatican City.

The President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the leader of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, the legislative body of Vatican City.

On 22 June 2006, Lajolo was appointed President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State and of the Governorate of Vatican City State by Pope Benedict XVI.

In 1929, Pius signed the Lateran Treaty and a concordat with Italy, confirming the existence of an independent Vatican City state, in return for recognition of the Kingdom of Italy and an undertaking for the papacy to be neutral in world conflicts.

Giuseppe Bertello (born 1 October 1942) is a Catholic prelate and Cardinal currently serving as the President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State and President of the Governorate of Vatican City State.

This agrees exactly with the expression used by the website of the United States Department of State, in giving information on both the Holy See and the Vatican City State: it too says that the Holy See "operates from the Vatican City State".