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This example incorporates the principles of spatial and temporal summation.
This suggests that both spatial and temporal summations are important in chronic pain conditions.
Temporal summation is a potent mechanism for generation of referred muscle pain.
Therefore targeting both spatial and temporal summation mechanisms simultaneously can benefit treatment of chronic pain conditions.
Temporal summation is the relationship between stimulus duration and intensity when the presentation time is less than 1 second.
Due to temporal summation, a slow-wave potential will periodically reach threshold and generate an action potential.
A long time constant can result in temporal summation, or the algebraic summation of repeated potentials.
Temporal summation: When a cell receives inputs that are close together in time, they are also added together, even if from the same synapse.
According to temporal summation one would expect the inhibitory and excitatory currents to be summed linearly to describe the resulting current entering the cell.
Temporal summation means that the effects of impulses received at the same place can add up if the impulses are received in close temporal succession.
Temporal summation is another means of transmitting signals with increased frequency of impulse thus increasing the strength of signals in each fiber.
Indeed, through pressure stimulation experiments, it has been shown that spatial summation facilitates temporal summation of nociceptive inputs, specifically pressure pain.
Central sensitization of the dorsal horn neurons that is evoked from C fiber activity is responsible for temporal summation of "second pain" (TSSP).
Regarding nociceptive stimulation, spatial summation is the ability to integrate painful input from large areas while temporal summation refers to the ability of integrating repetitive nociceptive stimuli.
Whether or not threshold is reached, and an action potential generated, is dependent upon the spatial (from multiple neurons) and temporal summation (from a single neuron) of all inputs at that moment.
Temporal summation occurs when a particular synapse is stimulated at a high frequency, which causes the postsynaptic neuron to sum the incoming EPSPs and thus increases the chance of the neuron firing an action potential.
Owing to temporal summation (depolarization potentials spaced closely together in time so that they summate), however, cell membrane depolarization will periodically reach depolarization threshold and an action potential will fire, triggering contraction of the myocyte.
Spatial summation is the combination of multiple sources of ion influx (multiple channels within a dendrite, or channels within multiple dendrites), where temporal summation is a gradual increase in overall charge due to repeated influxes in the same location.
Simple temporal summation of postsynaptic potentials occurs in smaller neurons, whereas in larger neurons larger numbers of synapses and ionotropic receptors as well as a longer distance from the synapse to the soma enables the prolongation of interactions between neurons.
For example, a temporal summation device can be composed of one or more nanoconnections having an input and an output thereof, wherein an input signal provided to the input causes one or more of the nanoconnection to experience an increase in connection strength thereof over time.
This is called spatial summation and is complemented by temporal summation, wherein successive releases of transmitter from one synapse will cause progressive polarization change as long as the presynaptic changes occur faster than the decay rate of the membrane potential changes in the postsynaptic neuron.