synostosis

The second most common type is the coronal synostosis representing 20 to 25%.

When the disorder involves the joint between two bones, the term synostosis is often used.

When synostosis is abnormal it is a type of dysostosis.

Sagittal synostosis is the most common phenotype, representing 40 to 55% of nonsyndromic cases.

Anterior plagiocephaly is a clinical description of unilateral coronal synostosis.

There are two surgical procedures which are commonly used to treat sagittal synostosis.

Hereditary relations in metopic synostosis have been found of which 5,5% were well defined syndromic.

Reoperations are usually performed on more severe cases (including syndromic metopic synostosis).

Seemingly surgery does not influence the high incidence of neurodevelopment problems in patients with metopic synostosis.

The third theory predominates disturbed brain formation of the two frontal lobes as the main issue behind synostosis.

The highest rate of neurological problems of single suture synostosis are seen in patients with trigonocephaly.

This is especially the case in the asymmetric conditions, such as unilateral coronal synostosis, with compromised function of the eyes and the jaw.

The first theory assumes that the origin of pathological synostosis lies within disturbed bone formation early on in the pregnancy.

The second theory says that synostosis begins when the foetal head gets hindered in the pelvic outlet during birth.

Aesthetic outcome of metopic synostosis surgery is persistently good with reoperation hazards below 20%.

In 1892 he performed the first craniectomy for craniosynostosis, an operation that involved correction of a sagittal synostosis.

The simple suturectomy is presently insufficient to adjust the complicated growth restrictions caused by metopic synostosis.

This is especially the case in individuals with asymmetrical unilateral coronal synostosis, which requires reconstructive surgery of the face and skull.

Children born with unilateral coronal synostosis develop due to compensatory mechanisms a skew head; a plagiocephaly.

Unlike closure of the sagittal or the metopic suture, right and left are not the same in unilateral coronal synostosis.

Bilateral radioulnar synostosis.

The incidence of metopic synostosis is roughly between 1:700 and 1:15.000 newborns globally (differs per country).

If the synostosis goes uncorrected, the deformity will progressively worsen not only threatening the aesthetic aspect, but also the functional aspect.

Tsukuhara syndrome is an infrequently occurring skeletal dysplasia characterised by a caudal synostosis of the vertebra at birth.

The metopic synostosis comes third with 5 to 15% and the lambdoid synostosis is only seen in 0 to 5% of nonsyndromic cases.