spherical angle

For the spherical angles, this corresponds to the replacement .

It must be able to turn through a spherical angle of 180 degrees, and was necessarily controlled electrically from the inside.

Hipparchus applied his knowledge of spherical angles to the problem of denoting locations on the Earth's surface.

The dihedral angle corresponds to an exterior spherical angle (Figure 1), which is a well-defined, signed quantity.

In particular, in spherical geometry, the spherical angles are defined, using arcs of great circles instead of rays.

This method is useful for situations in which the boundary conditions are independent of the spherical angle , such as the charged ring, an infinite half plane, or two parallel planes.

Bidirectional texture function (BTF) is a 7-dimensional function depending on planar texture coordinates (x,y) as well as on view and illumination spherical angles.

A spherical angle is a particular dihedral angle; it is the angle between two intersecting arcs on a sphere, and is measured by the angle between the planes containing the arcs (which would naturally also contain the centre of the sphere).

These formulae assume that the two systems have the same origin and same reference plane, measure the azimuth angle φ in the same sense from the same axis, and that the spherical angle θ is inclination from the cylindrical z axis.

(note that the magnitude of this function is independent of the spherical angles and , but it is permissible for the vector's direction, as represented by the unit vector to be a function of and ) would violate the Helmholtz Wave Equation, as derived from Maxwell's Equations.