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This is an attractive algorithm because nearly sorted sequences are common in practice.
There is no general agreement on where letters with umlauts occur in the sorting sequence.
To recover the sorted sequence, repeatedly remove the minimum visible card.
The function has the side effect of overwriting the value stored immediately after the sorted sequence in the array.
Proteins targeted to the envelope of chloroplasts usually lack cleavable sorting sequence.
This taught Microsoft to arrange sort sequences in Windows according to national character sets ("codepage").
Adding these probabilities for all positions in the sorted sequence gives twice a Harmonic number, leading to the bound above.
Suppose there exists a function called Insert designed to insert a value into a sorted sequence at the beginning of an array.
A sorted sequence is a monotonically non-decreasing (or non-increasing) sequence.
The elements to be sorted are initially on a disk and the sorted sequence is to be left on the disk.
A natural merge sort is similar to a bottom up merge sort except that any naturally occurring runs (sorted sequences) in the input are exploited.
Then, the algorithm sorts together all the rotations of all of these words; as in the usual Burrows-Wheeler transform, this produces a sorted sequence of n strings.
To get the highest number from a list, we just have to sort it in inverse numeric order and then grab the first item in the output of the sorted sequence.
The problem is to merge two ordered sequences of records into a single sorted sequence, where the nature of the records and the ordering criterion can be chosen by the client.
Simply create a priority queue containing all of the items, and then repeatedly apply the delete-min operation until the queue is empty; the sequence in which items are deleted is the sorted sequence of the items.
The non-conservative "packed sorting" algorithm of uses a subroutine, based on Ken Batcher's bitonic sorting network, for merging two sorted sequences of keys that are each short enough to be packed into a single machine word.
The output of each green or blue box will be a sorted sequence, so the output of each pair of adjacent lists will be bitonic, because the top one is blue and the bottom one is green.
If the values are large (in terms of the number of bytes it takes to store each of them), then it is often quicker to first build a separate list of pointers to the objects, sort those pointers, and then build the final sorted sequence.
The stack technique used in Graham's scan is very similar to that for the all nearest smaller values problem, and parallel algorithms for all nearest smaller values may also be used (like Graham's scan) to compute convex hulls of sorted sequences of points efficiently.
Other measures of (pre-)sortedness include the minimum number of elements that can be deleted from the sequence to yield a fully sorted sequence, the number and lengths of sorted "runs" within the sequence, and the smallest number of exchanges needed to sort the sequence.
Because this algorithm is a comparison sort, its success or failure does not depend on the numerical values of the input sequence, but only on their relative order; that is, an input may be described by the permutation needed to form that input from a sorted sequence of the same length.
Each column of blue and green boxes takes N sorted sequences and concatenates them in pairs to form N/2 bitonic sequences, which are then sorted by the boxes in that column to form N/2 sorted sequences.
If a given set of ordered numbers is assigned numeric priorities (distinct numbers unrelated to their values), these priorities may be used to construct a Cartesian tree for the numbers, a binary tree that has as its inorder traversal sequence the sorted sequence of the numbers and that is heap-ordered by priorities.