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But there are no volcanoes or solar variations in the model!
There are several hypotheses for how solar variations may affect Earth.
But scientists have believed for centuries that solar variations drive the climate.
Around 1900, researchers began to explore connections between solar variations and weather on Earth.
In 1953, he discovered a connection between solar variations and planetary climate.
Solar variation - changes in the amount of radiant energy emitted by the Sun.
The longest recorded aspect of solar variations are changes in sunspots.
It is one component of solar variation, the other being aperiodic fluctuations.
But only in the last decade or so have researchers begun to tie solar variations to climate shifts on Earth.
Solar variation causes changes in space weather, weather, and climate on Earth.
Another point of controversy is the correlation of temperature with solar variation.
They worked together in the Smithsonian Institution, where he conducted research on solar variation.
Many other theories of climate change were advanced, involving forces from volcanism to solar variation.
As discussed above, there are three suggested mechanisms by which solar variations may have an effect on climate:
Willie Soon, a proponent of the theory that climate change is caused by solar variation, was at one time the chief science advisor.
Beginning from 1923-1926 he researched the effect of solar variation on world weather patterns, with the support from the Smithsonian.
His research in solar variation helped provide conclusive evidence of the greenhouse effect on the Earth's climate in the late 20th century.
For details on solar activity see: solar variation.
Another obvious possibility was solar variation.
See also the solar variation entry.
Therefore, globally, greenhouse warming after 2000 may be less modulated by surface solar variations than in prior decades.
The effect of solar variation at time scales longer than a solar cycle is also of interest to climate science.
Soon has testified before Congress on the issue of climate change, and is known for his views that most global warming is caused by solar variation.
Solar variation, together with volcanic activity are hypothesized to have contributed to climate change, for example during the Maunder Minimum.
De Jager's current research focuses on predicting solar variation to assess the Sun's impact on future climate.