septal area

The septal area isn't related to the smell, but it is the pleasure zone in animals.

Most of the cells in the septal areas around these alveoli reacted with the probe (Fig.

Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain.

A very important large output goes to the lateral septal area and to the mammillary body of the hypothalamus.

Lesioning the medial septal area, or inactivating it with drugs, eliminates both type 1 and type 2 theta.

Administration of Naloxone(an opioid antagonist drug) into the medial septal area facilitates spatial learning in new environments.

Limbic System The limbic system consists of areas of the brain called the hippocampus and septal area.

Covian, MR: Studies on the neurovegetative and behavioral functions of the brain septal area.

It interconnects the paraterminal gyrus in the septal area with the hippocampus and lateral olfactory area.

Numerous studies have shown that the medial septal area plays a central role in generating hippocampal theta (Stewart & Fox, 1990).

Some of the projections from the medial septal area are cholinergic; the rest are GABAergic.

Beneath the cortex is the limbic system, which consists of the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate gyrus, and septal area.

A very important projection comes from the medial septal area, which sends cholinergic and GABAergic fibers to all parts of the hippocampus.

The hippocampal theta rhythm depends critically on projections from the medial septal area, which in turn receives input from the hypothalamus and several brainstem areas.

The entorhinal cortex is no exception: like the hippocampus, it receives cholinergic and GABAergic input from the medial septal area, the central controller of theta.

He also studied the role of the limbic system (particularly the septal area) on many behaviors and functions, such as the control of blood pressure, the neuroendocrine regulation of reproductive behavior, etc.

For type 1 theta, the picture is still unclear, but the most widely accepted hypothesis proposes that the frequency is determined by a feedback loop involving the medial septal area and hippocampus (Wang, 2002).

In the 1950s, James Olds and Peter Milner implanted electrodes into the septal area of the rat and found that the rat chose to press a lever which stimulated it.

Microinjections of posttraining Beta-Endorphin into the medial septal area of rats results in impaired spatial learning in a novel environment, but has no effect on working memory in a familiar environment.

In 1953, James Olds and Peter Milner observed that rats preferred to return to the region of the test apparatus where they received direct electrical stimulation to the septal area of the brain.

Robert Kirschner, M.D., forensic pathologist from Illinois, performed an autopsy on Davis and testified that the nose bleed Davis experienced appeared to come from septal area of the left nostril.

Direct projections from the septal area to hippocampal interneurons also play a role in generating theta waves, but their influence is much smaller than that of the entorhinal inputs (which are, however, themselves controlled by the septum).

The generation of the rhythm is dependent on the medial septal area: this area projects to all of the regions that show theta rhythmicity, and destruction of it eliminates theta throughout the brain (Stewart & Fox, 1990).

Vinogradova O.S., Kitchigina V.F., Zenchenko C.I. Pacemaker neurons of the forebrain medical septal area and theta rhythm of the hippocampus // Membr Cell Biol.

One of the earliest claims to have demonstrated a dissociation of latent inhibition and habituation was made by Weiss, Friedman, and McGregor (1974), who studied the phenomena in rats having surgically produced lesions of the septal area of the limbic system.