self-diffusion

Let us consider two gases with molecules of the same diameter d and mass m (self-diffusion).

For self-diffusion in gases at two different pressures (but the same temperature), the following empirical equation has been suggested:

The tracer diffusion is usually assumed to be identical to self-diffusion (assuming no significant isotopic effect).

He studied self-diffusion of radioactive isotopes of lead in liquid and solid lead.

The ε phase, the highest temperature solid allotrope, exhibits anomalously high atomic self-diffusion compared to other elements.

In substitutional lattice diffusion (self-diffusion for example), the atom can only move by substituting place with another atom.

The inverse of the relaxation time , is expressed by contributions from the bulk volume , the surface area and the self-diffusion :

Tracer diffusion and Self-diffusion, which is a spontaneous mixing of molecules taking place in the absence of concentration (or chemical potential) gradient.

Bainite occupies a region between these two process in a temperature range where iron self-diffusion is limited but there is insufficient driving force to form martensite.

Due to the reptation motion the coefficient of self-diffusion and conformational relaxation times of macromolecules depend on the length of macromolecule as and , correspondingly.

While the interstitial carbon diffuses readily even at moderate temperatures the self-diffusion of iron becomes extremely slow at temperatures below 600 C until, for all practical purposes, it stops.

The scope of his published work ranged widely, also covering "spectroscopy, luminescence, plastic deformation, irradiation effects, physics of metals, self-diffusion, point defects in metals and insulators, and science policy".