The former president used secular nationalism and long jail sentences for dissidents to quiet long-fractious minorities.

In these capacities, he developed his ideas on secular nationalism and its use in nation-building.

However, religious identity had taken second place to secular nationalism for a whole generation.

Israel exploited the tension between secular nationalism and Muslim fundamentalism as far as it was able.

In fact it had diversities similar to those in secular nationalism.

Indeed, religious nationalism may articulate itself as the binary of secular nationalism.

What shape would their secular nationalism have taken and what did they have in mind for it?

He was deeply concerned that secular nationalism would replace Judaism as the foundation of Jewish identity.

The bankruptcy of secular, autocratic nationalism was evident across the Muslim world by the late 1970s.

Then it was the 1967 war in which Israel defeated four armies, and the spreading ideology was secular nationalism.