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When testing coatings, scratch hardness refers to the force necessary to cut through the film to the substrate.
Scratch hardness tests are used to determine the hardness of a material to scratches and abrasion.
Sclerometer, an instrument invented in 1896 by Thomas Turner to measure the scratch hardness of metallic alloys and other materials.
It is based on relative scratch hardness, with talc assigned a value of 1 and diamond assigned a value of 10.
Scratch hardness is the measure of how resistant a sample is to fracture or permanent plastic deformation due to friction from a sharp object.
The load displacement data can be used to determine modulus of elasticity, hardness, yield strength, fracture toughness, scratch hardness and wear properties.
Macroscopic hardness is generally characterized by strong intermolecular bonds, but the behavior of solid materials under force is complex; therefore, there are different measurements of hardness: scratch hardness, indentation hardness, and rebound hardness.
In contrast to the scratch hardness test, its indentation hardness (H 22 GPa) is much lower than that of diamond and is comparable to that of tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, titanium diboride or zirconium diboride.
