reflectometry

The approach being tried in California relies on a technology known as time-domain reflectometry.

"Analysis of spread spectrum time domain reflectometry for wire fault location".

"Time domain reflectometry: a seminal technique for measuring mass and energy in soil".

It is related to the complementary techniques of neutron reflectometry and ellipsometry.

"Measurement of soil water content and electrical conductivity by time domain reflectometry: A review".

Time domain reflectometry and X-ray analysis were performed on these units with no success in isolating the defects.

Since the 1990s there has been greater research into tools utilizing time-domain reflectometry and capacitance probes.

Additionally, this technology is worth considering for live aviation monitoring as the spread spectrum reflectometry works on a live wire.

It is also known as GPS reflectometry.

However, there are methods, such as spread-spectrum time-domain reflectometry, that can feasibly test live wires on aircraft during flight.

Spread-spectrum time domain reflectometry is used in detecting intermittent faults in live wires.

The key benefit of Time Domain reflectometry over other testing methods is the non-destructive method of these tests.

"Time domain reflectometry: Calibration techniques for accurate measurement of the dielectric properties of various materials".

SSTDR is a type of time-domain reflectometry that can be used in live environments very quickly.

Study of 'thick' layers, such as oxidation of steel in its production and rolling process, which are too thick for classical reflectometry experiments.

The technique of Neutron Reflectometry is relatively new, and capable of providing unique information on materials in the nanometre length scale.

Time Domain Reflectometry involves sending a signal down the undewater cable line and then capturing the reflected signal.

The spread spectrum time domain reflectometry has the advantage of precisely locating the fault location within thousands of miles of aviation wiring.

A typical neutron reflectometry plot displays the reflected intensity (relative to the incident beam) as a function of the scattering vector:

By the so called time domain reflectometry (TDR) method the PD-detector measures partial discharge activity.

Using reflectometry rather than scattering with neutrons or x-rays allow experimenters to probe supported bilayers or multilayer stacks.

GNSS reflectometry is passive sensing that takes advantage of and relies on separate active sources - the satellites generating the navigation signals.

Time domain reflectometry is used in semiconductor failure analysis as a non-destructive method for the location of defects in semiconductor device packages.

Time-domain reflectometry or TDR is a measurement technique used to determine the characteristics of electrical lines by observing reflected waveforms.

Although other reflectivity techniques (in particular optical reflectivity, x-ray reflectometry) operate using the same general principles, neutron measurements are advantageous in a few significant ways.