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Alcohol is a poor solvent for vegetable oil.
Consider a two component system consisting of a liquid (1) which is a poor solvent for a polymer (2).
For a poor solvent, polymer-polymer self-interactions are preferred, and the polymer coils will contract.
Glycerine can also be used, but when used in tincturing fashion is generally a poorer solvent.
For both techniques, it is useful to dissolve the polymer initially in a poor solvent with a large χ 1 value.
In a bad solvent or poor solvent, intramolecular forces dominate and the chain contracts.
In a poor solvent, the solvent molecules interact poorly or unfavorably with the charged portions of the polyelectrolyte.
Poor solvents have values of χ 1 close to 0.5 while an improvement in solvent power lowers χ 1.
Vinegar, being acidic, is a better solvent for obtaining alkaloids but a poorer solvent for acidic components.
This transition is associated with the transition of a polymer chain from good solvent behavior through ideal or Theta solvent behavior to poor solvent behavior.
In good solvents (large, positive A 2 ) the coil is more extended than in poor solvents (low A 2 ) and α is correspondingly larger.
Since the polymer backbone does not repel itself as strongly as it would in a poor solvent, the polymer chain acts more similarly to an uncharged polymer, assuming a compact conformation.
This is generated in a mixing system, situated above the column, by constantly increasing the solvent to non-solvent ratio and as the mixture is initially a poor solvent which is gradually enriched by the good solvent the low molar mass fractions are eluted first.
When the crystal is the size you want, remove it and remove any molten I2 by washing it with a poor solvent for I2, like cyclohexane (CAUTION: FLAMMABLE AND HOT).