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Brain centers that regulate urination include the pontine micturition center, periaqueductal gray, and the cerebral cortex.
Bladder afferent signals ascend the spinal cord to the periaqueductal gray, where they project both to the pontine micturition center and to the cerebrum.
The pontine micturition center also causes inhibition of Onuf's nucleus, resulting in relaxation of the external urinary sphincter.
Once the voluntary signal to begin voiding has been issued, neurons in pontine micturition center fire maximally, causing excitation of sacral preganglionic neurons.
Another possibility is the excitation or disinhibition of neurons in the pontine micturition center, which causes concurrent contraction of the bladder and relaxation of the sphincter.
Micturition is fundamentally a spinobulbospinal reflex facilitated and inhibited by higher brain centers such as the pontine micturition center and, like defecation, subject to voluntary facilitation and inhibition.
The Pontine micturition center (PMC, also known as Barrington's nucleus) is a collection of cell bodies located in the rostral pons in the brainstem involved in the supraspinal regulation of micturition.
This area is directly and reciprocally connected to Barrington's nucleus (i.e. the pontine micturition center) [ 19 ] and will therefore have neurons that are infected with the bladder virus but not with the prostate virus.