manganese nodule
polymetallic nodule

"About 50 percent of the world is covered with manganese nodules," he said.

They are sometimes called manganese nodules, after their principal component.

I didn't want to be questioned on anything concerning manganese nodules.

No one knew the exact origins of these manganese nodules.

It also is reported from deep sea manganese nodules.

It is a component of deep ocean basin manganese nodules.

Nobody has made a penny from manganese nodules except lawyers."

This is a manganese nodule and the sea bed is covered with them.

Land supplies turned out to be more plentiful and accessible than the manganese nodules.

They appeared to be manganese nodules of the type which is often to be found on the ocean bed.

And unlike with manganese nodules, the technology to extract the sulphides is not available.

Evidence of manganese nodules have been noted in the new bypass cutting recently constructed near the village.

Manganese nodules were discovered more than a century ago during the first expedition to explore the sea floors.

He told the coroner what manganese nodules were and even produced one to show what the things looked like.

Hughes told the media that the ship's purpose was to extract manganese nodules from the ocean floor.

But disposal sites would have to avoid areas containing resources such as manganese nodules which might be exploited in the future.

Geordie said, 'He'll be burning up the wires looking for an expert on manganese nodules.

'Wonderful thing, this science; I've found out everything there is to know about manganese nodules.'

Attempts to find economically viable methods of harvesting manganese nodules were abandoned in the 1970s.

And manganese nodules are a valuable resource.

Do you know why I am able to reel off facts about manganese nodules?' '

Authigenic deposits consist of such materials as manganese nodules.

This was profoundly due to a dispute over mineral resources, particularly manganese nodules in the deep-oceans.

Finally he folded it and placed it on the table, using a manganese nodule as a paperweight.

Manganese nodules to the deep floor.

The commercial extraction of polymetallic nodules is not considered likely to occur during the next two decades.

The Authority's main legislative accomplishment to date has been the adoption, in the year 2000, of regulations governing exploration for polymetallic nodules.

Sediments of certain abyssal plains contain abundant mineral resources, notably polymetallic nodules.

Polymetallic nodules are concretions of manganese and iron (and other metals) found on the ocean floor.

The deep ocean has abundant mineral resources like polymetallic nodules, cobalt rich manganese crust and hydrothermal deposits.

The Polymetallic nodules containing copper, cobalt, nickel and manganese are viewed as potential resources to meet the increasing demand for these metals in our country.

Interest in the potential exploitation of polymetallic nodules generated a great deal of activity among prospective mining consortia in the 1960s and 1970s.

Ocean mining sites are usually around large areas of polymetallic nodules or active and extinct hydrothermal vents at about 1,400 - 3,700 m below the ocean's surface.

Polymetallic nodules were discovered in 1868 in the Kara Sea, in the Arctic Ocean of Siberia.

An example of the dual role is a project on polymetallic nodules that has been sponsored by the Government of India at the institute for well over 25 years.

Petroleum and natural gas fields, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, sand and gravel aggregates, fish, seals and whales can all be found in abundance in the region.

The Atlantic harbors petroleum and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales), sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, and precious stones.

Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, are rock concretions on the sea bottom formed of concentric layers of iron and manganese hydroxides around a core.

The total amount of polymetallic nodules on the sea floor was estimated at 500 billion tons by Alan A. Archer of the London Geological Museum in 1981.

In 2008, the Authority received two new applications for authorization to explore for polymetallic nodules, coming for the first time from private firms in developing island nations of the Pacific.

The first legislative achievement of this intergovernmental organization was the adoption (2000) of regulations for prospecting and exploration for polymetallic nodules, with special provisions to protect the marine environment from any adverse effects.

He has conceptualized and convened technical workshops of the Authority, on topics such as deep-seabed polymetallic nodule exploration, the development of environmental guidelines, and proposed technologies for deep-seabed mining of nodules.

This project, together with exploration for polymetallic nodules, established close ties between NIO and the then Department of Ocean Development and subsequently the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India.

The area of maximum commercial interest for polymetallic nodule mining (called the Pacific nodule province) lies in international waters of the Pacific Ocean, stretching from 118 -157 , and from 9 -16 N, an area of more than 3 million km2.

The exploitation system envisaged in the Law of the Sea Convention, overseen by the Authority, came to life with the signature in 2001/02 of 15-year contracts with seven organizations that had applied for specific seabed areas in which they were authorized to explore for polymetallic nodules.