phosphorylcholine

The predominant head group present in biological membranes is phosphorylcholine.

It was designed for use in stents with phosphorylcholine as a carrier.

More recent ones are coated with antibiotics and phosphorylcholine.

A variety of phosphorylcholine treatments have been tested and shown to be non-cytotoxic.

Phosphorylcholine refers to the functional group derived from phosphocholine.

Typical adsorption and platelet adhesion-activation results for phosphorylcholine treated biomaterials are shown in Table 2.

It usually consists of phosphorylcholine and ceramide, or a phosphoethanolamine head group; therefore, sphingomyelins can also be classified as sphingophospholipids.

Notably, such antibodies might be elicited by a number of bacteria in addition to pneumococci, such as Haemophilus influenzae, which also produce phosphorylcholine.

The simplest common feature among the non-reactive cellular and model membranes is the high proportion of electrically neutral phospholipids, which contain the phosphorylcholine head group.

The phospholipid structure of phosphatidylcholine is not essential for biocompatibility, but rather it is the phosphorylcholine headgroup that is important.

Additionally, it can be converted to sphingomyelin by the addition of a phosphorylcholine headgroup by sphingomyelin synthase.

The Kennedy pathway, which includes the transformation of choline to citicoline, by way of phosphorylcholine, to produce phosphatidylcholine when condensed with diacylglycerol.

Medtronic has developed zotarolimus; unlike sirolimus and paclitaxel, this sirolimus analogue designed for use in stents with phosphorylcholine as a carrier.

The thick secretions from the seminal vesicles contain proteins, enzymes, fructose, mucus, vitamin C, flavins, phosphorylcholine and prostaglandins.

Ceramide phosphorylcholine (Sphingomyelin) (SPH)

This is also the case for low density lipoproteins (LDL particles) which have a high proportion of the phosphorylcholine group on their outer surface (ca 90 per cent).

For example, we have synthesised film physisorbable phosphorylcholine containing polymers for coating hydrophobic surfaces such as PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene etc.

Antibodies against phosphorylcholine are naturally occurring autoantibodies that are created by CD5+/B-1 B cells and are referred to as non-pathogenic autoantibodies.

Phosphorylcholine is the hydrophilic polar head group of some phospholipids, which is composed of a negatively charged phosphate bonded to a small, positively charged choline group.

Phosphorylcholine is used as the polymer based coating of Drug-Eluting Stents because its molecular design improves surface biocompatibility and lowers the risk of causing inflammation or thrombosis.

Phosphorylcholine is part of platelet-activating factor; the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine as well as sphingomyelin, the only phospholipid of the membrane that is not built with a glycerol backbone.

In the field of Interventional Cardiology, Phosphorylcholine is used as a synthetic polymer based coating, applied to drug-eluting stents, to prevent the occurrence of coronary artery restenosis.

Endeavour (Medtronic) uses a cobalt chrome Driver stent (91 m struts) and adds a 4.3 m phosphorylcholine coating that includes zotarolimus, on a 1 m base coat.

In addition, functionally active phosphorylcholine derivatives have been synthesised, either as individual functionally active headgroups or as methacrylate based polymers, and these molecules have been chemically attached to a variety of hydrophilic surfaces.

Treatment of cell membranes, like those of RBCs, by certain enzymes, like some phospholipase A2 renders the phosphorylcholine moiety exposed to the external aqueous phase, and thus accessible for recognition by the immune system.