odocoileus

Other evidence strongly suggests differences between Navahoceros and Odocoileus.

It is thus far from settled that Navahoceros is a synonym of Odocoileus.

Below tree line, elk (cervus canadensis) and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) are common.

Like its relatives, Odocoileus and Capreolus, the genus Alces gave rise to very few species which endured for long periods of time.

Both Blastoceras and Hippocamelus were found to be closer to Navahoceros than the latter was to other members of the subfamily such as Odocoileus.

Red brocket (Mazama americana) (This species has found to be closer to Odocoileus than other brockets)

As at many other archeological sites in the region, significant numbers of Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis) and deer from the genus Odocoileus were identified.

Another one is the reiterative hybridization among both Odocoileus species before the migration of O. virginianus from North America to South America.

All Odocoileus are ruminants, in that they have a four chambered stomach which allows them to "ruminate" (re-chew) their food, and contains bacteria specialized in breaking down cellulose.

Deer (-Antifer, Odocoileus, Blastocerus, Ozotoceros, Mazama, Pudu, Hippocamelus)

Three endemic land species are present: the deer Odocoileus carriacou margaritae, the rabbit Sylvilagus floridanus margaritae and the snake Leptotyphlops albifrons margaritae.

Webb (1992) studied a cranium of Navahoceros from San Josecito Cave and concluded that Rangifer, not Odocoileus, was the sister taxon of Navahoceros.

In fact, considering the reported variation on leg proportions among several cervids, which can reach 70%, there are Rangifer and Odocoileus virginianus populations with shorter legs than the H. bisulcus sample (by 14%).

They also dissected and analyzed fresh materials of Alces, Cervus, Mazama, Odocoileus hemionus and O. virginianus, Ozotoceros, Pudu, and Rangifer.

Assuming that the assignment to Odocoileus were to be accepted, it is unlikely that the late Pleistocene taxon is conspecific with O. lucasi (nor did Morejohn and Daily claim so).

However, no discussion of the perceived similarities was given and, in the discussion regarding the first phalanx, the only direct comparison mentioned was that of a difference between the Honey Lake first phalanx and that of Odocoileus.

In particular, Mazama americana showed a striking relationship with several sequences of Odocoileus in contrast to that expected, since this M. americana (now M. temama) haplotype, from a Mexican origin, was not associated with several Bolivian Mazama sequences analyzed.

Deer endemic to the New World fall in two biogeographic lineages: the first one groups Odocoileus and Mazama americana is distributed in North, Central, and South America, whereas the second one is composed of South American species only and includes Mazama gouazoubira.