mouldboard plough BrE
moldboard plough AmE

There are five major parts of a mouldboard plough:

The reversible plough has two mouldboard ploughs mounted back-to-back, one turning to the right, the other to the left.

For almost 150 years this loess deposit was farmed with mouldboard ploughs and fall tilled, both intensely erosive.

In part this is linked to technological developments, such as the mouldboard plough, that made life in once undeveloped areas more bearable.

To avoid damaging the plant crown, a single-blade mouldboard plough or a disc plough with special adjustment should be used.

The plough was significantly improved, developing into the mouldboard plough, capable of turning over the heavy, wet soils of northern Europe.

The mouldboard plough greatly reduced the amount of time needed to prepare a field, and as a consequence, allowed a farmer to work a larger area of land.

Ransome Victory Plough (American spelling "plow") is a type of single-share mouldboard plough commonly used throughout Southern Africa.

The Romans achieved the heavy wheeled mouldboard plough in the late 3rd and 4th century AD, when archaeological evidence appears, inter alia, in Roman Britain.

Because of these attributes, the use of a chisel plough is considered by some to be more sustainable than other types of plough, such as the mouldboard plough.

A major advance for this type of farming was the mouldboard plough (American spelling: moldboard plow; or turnplough, frame-plough), which not only cuts furrows with a share (cutting blade) but turns the soil.

The system was based on an ordinary mouldboard plough with a vertical rotor added for each of the mouldboards, and with a series of curved cutting tines on each of the rotors.

The first mouldboard ploughs could only turn the soil over in one direction (conventionally always to the right), as dictated by the shape of the mouldboard, and so the field had to be ploughed in long strips, or lands.

It doesn't make as good a job as the mouldboard plough (but this is not considered a disadvantage, because it helps fight the wind erosion), but it does lift and break up the soil (see disc harrow).

While this is stated by Jan Maria Piskorski in an 1997 essay summarizing the state of research, Paweł Zaremba in 1961 said that the mouldboard plough existed already on these territories before the German arrival.

Because of this runner, the mouldboard plough is harder to turn around than the scratch plough, and its introduction brought about a change in the shape of fields - from mostly square fields into longer rectangular "strips" (hence the introduction of the furlong).

The general adoption of the mouldboard plough in Europe appears to have accompanied the adoption of the three-field system in the later eighth and early ninth centuries, leading to an improvement of the agricultural productivity per unit of land in northern Europe.

Another advance during the Middle Ages was the development of the heavy mouldboard plough, which allowed dense and heavy soils to be tilled easily; this technology required the use of larger teams of draught animals including oxen and horses, as well as the adoption of larger fields.

In the southern hemisphere the so-called 'giant discs' are a specialised kind of disc harrows that can stand in for a plough in very rough country where a mouldboard plough will not handle the tree-stumps and rocks, and a disc-plough is too slow (because of its limited number of discs).

Improvements in farming machinery during this era included the moldboard plough and watermill.