latewood

It is not only the proportion of latewood, but also its quality, that counts.

The latewood will be denser than that formed early in the season.

The outer portion formed later in the season is then known as the latewood or summerwood.

Hence the greater the proportion of latewood the greater the density and strength.

In inferior oak, this latewood is much reduced both in quantity and quality.

In temperate softwoods there often is a marked difference between latewood and earlywood.

The width of ring is not nearly so important as the proportion and nature of the latewood in the ring.

No satisfactory explanation can as yet be given for the exact mechanisms determining the formation of earlywood and latewood.

In ring-porous woods of good growth it is usually the latewood in which the thick-walled, strength-giving fibers are most abundant.

In particular maximum latewood density (MXD) is another metric used for estimating environmental variables.

While the thermometer records indicate a substantial warming trend, many tree rings from such sites do not display a corresponding change in their maximum latewood density.

In hard pines, on the other hand, the latewood is very dense and is deep-colored, presenting a very decided contrast to the soft, straw-colored earlywood.

The latewood of good oak is dark colored and firm, and consists mostly of thick-walled fibers which form one-half or more of the wood.

Other properties of the annual rings, such as maximum latewood density (MXD) have been shown to be better proxies than simple ring width.

Each individual growth ring consists of earlywood tissue that is formed at the beginning of the growing season and latewood tissue formed in summer and fall.

In choosing a piece of pine where strength or stiffness is the important consideration, the principal thing to observe is the comparative amounts of earlywood and latewood.

Cyprian Latewood, "a homosexual twit possibly modeled on Evelyn Waugh's Sebastian Flyte"

Earlywood tissue is characterized by wide vessels or denser arrangement of vessels, whereas latewood tissue shows narrower vessels and/or lower vessel density.

As the breadth of ring diminishes, this latewood is reduced so that very slow growth produces comparatively light, porous wood composed of thin-walled vessels and wood parenchyma.

Since the latewood of a growth ring is usually darker in color than the earlywood, this fact may be used in judging the density, and therefore the hardness and strength of the material.

In specimens that show a very large proportion of latewood it may be noticeably more porous and weigh considerably less than the latewood in pieces that contain but little.

In ring-porous woods the vessels of the early wood not infrequently appear on a finished surface as darker than the denser latewood, though on cross sections of heartwood the reverse is commonly true.

It is the disagreement between the temperatures measured by the thermometers (instrumental temperatures) and the temperatures reconstructed from the latewood densities or, in some cases, widths of tree rings in the far northern forests.

When examined under a microscope the cells of dense latewood are seen to be very thick-walled and with very small cell cavities, while those formed first in the season have thin walls and large cell cavities.

If a heavy piece of pine is compared with a lightweight piece it will be seen at once that the heavier one contains a larger proportion of latewood than the other, and is therefore showing more clearly demarcated growth rings.