international liquidity

It reflects that a lot of our markets are driven by international liquidity."

Some might fear inflationary consequences if gold assets are used to increase international liquidity.

"I'm not expecting a large resurgence of international liquidity in this market, not like last year," he said.

International liquidity can be defined as those assets which are internationally acceptable in the payment of debts.

As in effect the world's central banker, the U.S., through its deficit, determined the level of international liquidity.

It includes, for most countries, data on exchange rates, balance of payments, international liquidity, money and banking, interest rates, prices, etc.

Remedies were sought for the lack of international liquidity and for the other causes of the decline in international trade - especially during the 1930s.

The United States instead contrived the International Monetary Fund with limited resources, which are now insufficient to meet international liquidity needs.

If the tax is generally applied at high rates, it will severely impair financial operations and create international liquidity problems, especially if derivatives are taxed as well.

Second, the enormous increase in international liquidity generated by the exodus from the dollar (see above) meant that the countries which still had weak payments balances could borrow easily.

"Is a Plumber Or A Financial Architect Needed to End Global International Liquidity Problems?"

Legg Mason offers products in equities and fixed income, as well as domestic and international liquidity management and alternative investments (via a funds-of-hedge-funds manager).

International Liquidity: Its Present Relevance to the Less Developed Countries, The American Economic Review, Vol.

It also recommended the replacement of reserve currencies ($US, Deutsche Mark, etc.) with a new form of international liquidity supplied by the IMF.

The new money, or liquidity, as economists call it, would "reduce the evident strains on the international liquidity system," says Mr. Schulmann, whose institute represents most of the world's banks.

Together with the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR), the net stable funding ratios (NSF ratios) are part of the new proposed Development of international liquidity standards.

The supply of international liquidity is of concern since sufficient finance must be available to assist the development of trade, and yet excess liquidity should be avoided since it may stimulate inflation.

The report states that the new reserve system should not be based on a single currency or even multiple national currencies but instead permit the emission of international liquidity to create a more stable global financial system.

Central banks require reserves of international liquidity for two reasons: to support the domestic exchange rate in foreign exchange markets; and to meet the possibility that in any given time-period payment to foreigners will exceed receipts.

The role of gold has always been a controversial issue in the international monetary system, but with the advent of floating its importance as a source of international liquidity has been reduced in several ways.

The basic contradiction was that the very process by which the rest of the world obtained international liquidity (piling up dollars) undermined the status of that liquidity (by reducing the gold backing of the dollar).

Disagreement likewise exists regarding whether an ILLR should directly provide international liquidity to a country's financial institutions or should only provide liquidity to institutions serving as a country's financial safety nets.

The abandonment of a fixed exchange rate in favour of floating means that there is potentially less need for government intervention in foreign exchange markets, and therefore a reduced need for international liquidity to meet this purpose.

Then, too, said Peter Kenen, an economist at Princeton University, the industrial powers generally prefer to short-circuit the process of international liquidity creation, lending money to each other directly rather than using the I.M.F. in crises.

From Johnson's perspective: "The world supply of gold is insufficient to make the present system workable-particularly as the use of the dollar as a reserve currency is essential to create the required international liquidity to sustain world trade and growth."