ideas of reference

The son's condition is based on a real condition-compare ideas of reference.

There could be other components, ideas of reference, projection.

The condition is characterized by ideas of reference.

Here the danger is of creating ideas of reference.

I've had ideas of reference, too, but so far I've managed to abort them.

Sensitiver beziehungswahn, is an alternate term for ideas of reference.

Ideas of reference are a delusional belief that general events are personally directed at oneself.

And her violent, destructive rages - and ideas of reference, that everyone was being mean to her.

Persons with ideas of reference may experience:

It has been noted that the character 'rigidly controlled by his superego...readily forms sensitive ideas of reference.

'Ideas of reference must be distinguished from delusions of reference, which may be similar in content but are held with greater conviction'.

Increased levels of dopamine in schizophrenics tend to induce paranoid delusions, ideas of reference, and auditory hallucinations.

Richard C. Hubbard, a psychiatrist who admired Reich, examined him on admission, recording paranoia manifested by delusions of grandiosity, persecution, and ideas of reference:

Laing also considered of the way 'in typical paranoid ideas of reference, the person feels that the murmurings and mutterings he hears as he walks past a street crowd are about him.

And ideas of reference; she thought everyone was against her, trying to hurt her... not grandiose paranoia, of course, but just the never-ending irritability, accusing people as if they were cheating her, holding out on her - she blamed everyone.'

Ideas of reference and delusions of reference involve people having a belief or perception that irrelevant, unrelated or innocuous phenomena in the world refer to them directly or have special personal significance: 'the notion that everything one perceives in the world relates to one's own destiny'.

In his wake, Otto Fenichel concluded that 'the projection of the superego is most clearly seen in ideas of reference and of being influenced....Delusions of this kind merely bring to the patient from the outside what his self-observing and self-critical conscience actually tells him'.

Roy Futterman, a clinical psychologist who commutes from the Upper West Side to the Bronx, was reminded of a psychotic symptom called ideas of reference, in which, for example, the sufferer watches an episode of "Happy Days," and believes that the Fonz is delivering a message directly to him.

For the antipsychiatrists, validation rather than clinical condemnation of ideas of reference frequently took place, on the grounds for example that 'the patient's ideas of reference and influence and delusions of persecution were merely descriptions of her parents' behavior toward her'.

Sigmund Freud considered that ideas of reference illuminated the concept of the superego: 'Delusions of being watched present this power in a regressive form, thus revealing its genesis...voices, as well as the undefined multitude, are brought into the foreground again by the [paranoid] disease, and so the evolution of conscience is reproduced regressively'.