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The grammaticalization of these elements manifests itself in form, meaning and function.
However, phonetic erosion is not a necessary property of grammaticalization.
It is a common process of language change in general, and occurs outside of grammaticalization as well.
However, there are some processes that are often linked to grammaticalization.
"The term 'grammaticalization' is today used in various ways.
The overlapping stages of grammaticalization form a chain, generally called a cline.
In addition, most are not limited to grammaticalization but can be applied in the wider context of language change.
Since then, the study of grammaticalization has become broader, and linguists have extended the term into various directions.
They are both outcomes of "normal" processes of linguistic change and grammaticalization.
Although unidirectionality is a key element of grammaticalization, it is not absolute.
Such reduction is one symptom of grammaticalization.
The use of like as a marker of reported speech and thought: A case of grammaticalization in progress.
Semantic bleaching, or desemanticization, has been seen from early on as a characteristic of grammaticalization.
Linguists have come up with different interpretation of the term 'grammaticalization', and there are many alternatives to the definition given in the introduction.
Some clitics can be understood as elements undergoing a historical process of grammaticalization:
It is common for the complementizers of a language to develop historically from other syntactic categories (a process known as grammaticalization).
This work focussed on African languages synchronically from the point of view of grammaticalization.
He saw this as one of the two kinds of change that are always associated with grammaticalization (the other being phonetic reduction).
Lyle Campbell lists proposed counterexamples in his article "What's wrong with grammaticalization?"
Joseph, Brian D. "Is there such a thing as 'grammaticalization?'"
"Areal and universal dimensions of grammaticalization in Lahu".
The grammaticalization of 'say' and 'do': An areal phenomenon in East Africa.
Possession: Cognitive sources, forces, and grammaticalization.
Depending on how far an independent word has progressed on a grammaticalization path, scholars will see it as a case marker or not.
A cross-linguistic survey of the grammaticalization of evidentiality.