Particular disclosure rules apply to fund managers and market-makers who are associates.
Lately, when independent directors have stood up to fund managers, they've gotten their ears boxed.
Instead, the decision is left to fund managers and proxy departments.
Several firms have emerged to provide fair valuations to fund managers and to stave off this type of arbitrage.
"You only get that from talking" to fund managers.
Nor must he rely on a high-priced sales force to pitch stock ideas to fund managers.
At the heart of the problem is the way dealers provide quotes, or price indications, to fund managers.
The program gives cash bonuses to fund managers for bringing in - and keeping - new client assets.
The creators of the options hope that they will be useful both to fund managers and to individual investors.
Regulators also sent letters to fund managers that offer products in Luxembourg and have been accused of trading violations in the United States.