exothermicity

Hot spot temperatures as well as the duration of high temperature exposition due to exothermicity decreases remarkably.

Grignard reactions are exothermic, and this exothermicity must be considered when a reaction is scaled-up from laboratory to production plant.

The experimental exothermicity probably reflects a minimum stacking exothermicity for base-base overlap.

Hence, in this case there is a lower measured exothermicity from a structure which is already partially disordered at the lowest temperature from which ΔH is measured.

Fuels are chosen on the basis of the exothermicity of their oxidation, ranging from powdered metals, such as aluminium or magnesium, or organic materials, possibly with a self-contained partial oxidant.

Sodium tungstate can also be produced by treating tungsten carbide with a mixture of sodium nitrate and sodium hydroxide in a fusion process which overcomes the high exothermicity of the reaction involved.

Entropies of stacking are much more adverse for the GC stack than for the AU, such that the difference in free energy of stacking between the two types of interactions is only 11.4 kJ mol -1 despite the much larger difference in exothermicity.

Conversely, where the exothermicity of the association is small (comparable to, or a few times kT, Figure 4B), then there is much residual motion in the associated state, and the adverse entropy of the association is only a fraction of the formal loss in entropy corresponding to the formation of a rigid complex.

In this case, such a large adverse free energy cost indicates that both strands of the duplex are highly ordered in the double stranded helix, as expressed as a larger adverse entropy, and as a consequence of the larger base pair stacking exothermicity (relative to A-U on U-A stacking).