endodermal sinus tumor
yolk sac tumor
yolk sac carcinoma

Among these, a common form is teratoma with endodermal sinus tumor.

Endodermal sinus tumors of the ovary are particularly aggressive.

In infants and young children, these elements usually are endodermal sinus tumor, followed by choriocarcinoma.

When treated promptly with surgery and chemotherapy, death from endodermal sinus tumors is exceedingly rare.

While pure teratoma is usually benign, endodermal sinus tumor is malignant.

Other germ cell tumors: Endodermal sinus tumor (rare subtypes are hepatoid and intestinal).

Pediatric Yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumour).

Schiller-Duval body, a pathologic finding pathognomonic for endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors)

Example: elevated AFP in a child previously treated for teratoma suggests relapse with endodermal sinus tumor.

These cells can develop into a frankly malignant tumor known as yolk sac tumor or endodermal sinus tumor.

Schiller-Duval body is a cellular structure seen by microscope in endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors) which are the most common testicular cancer in children.

Metastatic dissemination via this mechanism has been reported with other brain tumors including germinomas, medulloblastomas, astrocytomas, glioblastomas, ependymomas and endodermal sinus tumors.

The rare malignant dermoid cyst usually develops squamous cell carcinoma in adults; in infants and children it usually develops an endodermal sinus tumor.

Kurman RJ, Norris HJ: Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary: a clinical and pathologic analysis of 71 cases.

Recurrence with malignant endodermal sinus tumor has been reported in cases of formerly benign mature teratoma, even in fetiform teratoma and fetus in fetu.

Principal tumors that secrete AFP are endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac carcinoma), neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

With Austrian-American gynecologist Walter Schiller (1887-1960), Schiller Duval bodies are named, which are structures found in endodermal sinus tumors.

A review of the literature in 1979 prior to the widespread use of combination chemotherapy found only 27% of 96 patients with stage I endodermal sinus tumor alive at 2 years after diagnosis.

Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for non-seminoma (meaning primarily endodermal sinus tumor) when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body (that is, stage II or III).

Endodermal sinus tumor (EST), also known as yolk sac tumor (YST), is a member of the germ cell tumor group of cancers.

In contrast to the pure form typical of infants, adult endodermal sinus tumors are often found in combination with other kinds of germ cell tumor, particularly teratoma and embryonal carcinoma.

Gallion H, van Nagell JR Jr, Powell DF, et al.: Therapy of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary.

Perlman EJ, Cushing B, Hawkins E, et al.: Cytogenetic analysis of childhood endodermal sinus tumors: a Pediatric Oncology Group study.

Rarely, high MSAFP is due to endodermal sinus tumor (EST) or another germ cell tumor containing EST.

With platinum-based combination chemotherapy, the prognosis for patients with endodermal sinus tumors, immature teratomas, embryonal carcinomas, choriocarcinomas, and mixed tumors containing one or more of these elements has improved dramatically.

Whereas, in that study, yolk sac tumors were very responsive to chemotherapy.

Embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor with or without seminoma.

In patients younger than 15 years, approximately 90% of testicular germ cell cancers are yolk sac tumors.

Yolk sac tumor.

Nonseminomatous testicular tumors include yolk sac tumors.

Pediatric Yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumour).

Schiller-Duval body, a pathologic finding pathognomonic for endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors)

These cells can develop into a frankly malignant tumor known as yolk sac tumor or endodermal sinus tumor.

Schiller-Duval body is a cellular structure seen by microscope in endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors) which are the most common testicular cancer in children.

He described yolk sac tumours, and the Schiller-Duval bodies which had previously been described in rats by Mathias-Marie Duval.

Polyembryoma has features of both yolk sac tumour and undifferentiated teratoma/embryonal carcinoma, with a characteristic finding of embryoid bodies lying in a loose mesenchymal stroma.

Endodermal sinus tumor (EST), also known as yolk sac tumor (YST), is a member of the germ cell tumor group of cancers.

The finding of elevated AFP is more suggestive of a mixed germ cell tumour, with the AFP being released by a yolk sac tumour component.

Germ cell tumors (GCT) of the testis constitute 94% of testicular tumors and include five basic cell types: seminoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and choriocarcinoma.

Promoter hypermethylation was seen in all histologic subsets of NSGCT, with yolk sac tumor (YST) exhibiting a higher frequency of methylation compared to other histologies (Fig.

Most children with malignant GCT will have a component of yolk sac tumor and have elevations of AFP,[12,13] which is serially monitored during treatment to help assess response to therapy.

Surgery alone was curative for most children and adolescents with resected ovarian immature teratoma of any grade, even when elevated levels of serum AFP or microscopic foci of yolk sac tumor were present.

The tumors commonly present with yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor) histology, are generally diploid or tetraploid, and may lack the isochromosome of the short arm of chromosome 12 that characterizes testicular cancer in young adults.

While the majority of ovarian GCT are benign mature teratomas, a heterogeneous group of malignant GCT occur in females, including immature teratomas, dysgerminomas, yolk sac tumors, and mixed GCT.

Nongerminomatous germ cell tumors may be associated with increased markers such as AFP with yolk sac tumors as well as embryonic cell carcinomas and immature teratomas and beta-HCG which occur in choriocarcinomas.

Although testicular cancer is most common among men aged 15-40 years, it has three peaks: infancy through the age of four as teratomas and yolk sac tumors, ages 25-40 years as post-pubertal seminomas and nonseminomas, and from age 60 as spermatocytic seminomas.

These include germinomas, teratomas, embryonal yolk sac carcinomas, and choriocarcinomas.

Nonseminomas include embryonal carcinomas, teratomas, yolk sac carcinomas, choriocarcinomas, and various combinations of these cell types.

Principal tumors that secrete AFP are endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac carcinoma), neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Childhood malignant ovarian GCT can be divided into dysgerminomas (seminomatous) and nonseminomatous malignant GCT (i.e., immature teratomas, yolk sac carcinomas, mixed GCT, and embryonal carcinomas).