early syphilis

It may occur up to 8 hours after the first treatment of early syphilis.

That Hunter was an early syphilis researcher is interesting.

He was involved in early syphilis research.

The pathological process responsible for the lesions is, as in early syphilis, an inflammation and blocking of the small arteries.

A randomized trial of enhanced therapy for early syphilis in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Single-dose azithromycin versus penicillin G benzathine for the treatment of early syphilis.

Meningitis may occur in early syphilis but not as an acute cause of death in the tertiary stage of the disease.

HIV-infected persons with acquired early syphilis might be at increased risk for neurologic complications and uveitis and have higher rates of treatment failure (145).

Untreated early syphilis during pregnancy can lead to spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, hydrops fetalis, preterm delivery, and perinatal death in up to 40% of pregnancies (142).

CSF abnormalities (elevated protein and mononuclear pleocytosis) are common in early syphilis and in persons with HIV infection.

Clinical manifestations of early syphilis by HIV status and gender: results of the syphilis and HIV study.

Although most HIV-infected persons with early syphilis respond appropriately to standard benzathine penicillin, some specialists recommend two additional weekly benzathine penicillin injections.

Certain specialists recommend retreating persons with early syphilis who do not experience at least a fourfold decrease in serum nontreponemal titers 6--12 months after therapy (BIII).

There remains the possibility that the pregnant mother may catch the infection after her first antenatal examination, or that she was incubating early syphilis and therefore had negative blood-tests when first seen.

All forms of early syphilis can be completely cured, and some of the later manifestations can be markedly improved, or, at least, the progression of the disease can be arrested.

Early syphilis in HIV-infected persons may also cause a transient decrease in CD4+ count and increase in HIV viral load that improves with standard treatment regimens (531--533).

Because it is hard for penicillin G to get into these areas of the body, a single shot of penicillin - which will usually cure early syphilis - is not enough to cure neurosyphilis.

For example, a recent multicenter study of syphilis therapy in the United States documented an 18% prevalence of HIV infection among patients with early syphilis in several large cities in the United States (53).

The efficacy of alternative nonpenicillin regimens in HIV-infected persons with early syphilis, including oral doxycycline, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin, has not been evaluated sufficiently in HIV-infected persons to warrant use as first-line treatment.

Because of treatment failures reported after single injections of benzathine penicillin G among HIV-uninfected pregnant women (569), certain specialists recommend a second injection 1 week after the initial injection for pregnant women with early syphilis (529,570).