disfluent

"People who pause too much are seen as disfluent.

Disfluent sentences have a direct effect on the way a sentence structure is built in the parser's mind.

Firstly, we are carrying out an experimental analysis of human word recognition performance while listening to disfluent speech.

Speakers, when choosing to use low frequency words in their speech, are aware, and are more likely to be disfluent.

"The effects we find persist even when they’re confined to fluent and disfluent local (anglo) names."

But it was interesting that even the most disfluent interviewers had higher success rates than those who were perfectly fluent."

In transcription experiments, disfluent reparanda are frequently missed or mistranscribed.

Humans are found to be more disfluent overall when addressing other humans as compared to when addressing machines.

Typically, this speech is disfluent and much less regular than the type of speech that laboratory-based speech recognisers are expected to handle.

In working with adults who stutter, speech-language pathologists routinely measure how quickly they speak and how many of their syllables are disfluent.

Recordings of their speech will be analyzed to determine the average rate of speech, the range, and the percentage of syllables that are disfluent.

Furthermore, the study also shows that fluent teachers that are prepared and well organized will receive higher ratings than a disfluent teacher that is unprepared and disorganized in student evaluations of the teacher.

Some researchers hypothesize that controlled-language activated circuitry consistently does not function properly in people who stutter, whereas people who do not stutter only sometimes display disfluent speech and abnormal circuitry.

Studies utilizing positron emission tomography (PET) have found during tasks that invoke disfluent speech, people who stutter show hypoactivity in cortical areas associated with language processing, such as Broca's area, but hyperactivity in areas associated with motor function.

This helps explain the inverted U-shaped function often found in research on the effect of complexity on preferences: very complex patterns are not judged as beautiful because they are disfluent, and patterns are judged as more beautiful when they become less complex.

"Every purchase you make, every interaction you have, every judgment you make can be put along a continuum from fluent to disfluent," says Adam Alter, a psychologist at the New York University Stern School who co-wrote the paper on fluency and stock prices.

Hudson-Kam and Newport hypothesize that in a pidgin situation (and in the real-life situation of a deaf child whose parents were disfluent signers), children are systematizing the language they hear based on the probability and frequency of forms, and not, as has been suggested on the basis of a universal grammar.