Denied the right to participate, disenfranchised groups resorted to protest politics.

Free, to emancipate, to obtain political rights (usually for a disenfranchised group)

This is especially so if members of the disenfranchised group were particularly likely to vote a certain way.

She was surprised to come away from the course with the feeling that "people in whatever disenfranchised or oppressed group need to become more responsible for themselves.

"I think the trial brings up the prospect for deep disillusionment for two disenfranchised groups," she said.

There is a tendency for counter-mapping efforts to overlook the knowledge of women, minorities, and other vulnerable, disenfranchised groups.

Various legislative reforms have taken place or have been initiated since 1994 as a result of lobbying by disenfranchised groups.

It makes us aware of the special needs of disenfranchised groups.

"We're a disenfranchised group, so it has been tooth and nail every step of the way," Mr. Hill said.