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Egg yolk, which has cryoprotective properties, is also a common component.
Cryoprotective compounds may play a major role in the frost tolerance of bryophytes.
Strains were stored frozen in cryoprotective broth for subsequent adhesion and hydrophobicity assays.
Researchers have improved their results by experimenting with mixes of cryoprotective chemicals and carefully controlled cooling and warming rates.
Tissue samples were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen or on dry ice in a cryoprotective broth and stored frozen.
A cryoprotective compound (a liquid called cryopreservation medium), along with carefully controlled cooling and warming cycles ensure that minimal damage is done to the cells.
Traditionally, long-term whole brain preservation has been conducted by vascular perfusion of a person with cryoprotective agents and long-term storage at close to liquid nitrogen temperature.
Small pieces of tissue (5x5x3mm) are placed in a cryoprotective embedding medium-OCT, TBS, or Cryogel-then snap frozen in isopentane cooled by liquid nitrogen.
Starting in 1974 ACS-sponsored research into establishing suspension procedures included development of "blood substitutes" and flushes to replace the blood in cryonic patients with a solution which had cryoprotective properties.
The uniqueness of the malolyakhovsky mammoth is that it was the first well-preserved carcass found in the last 112 years and it may tell scientists the secrets of the cryoprotective properties of blood.
Articles concern any aspect of low temperature biology and medicine (e.g. freezing, freeze-drying, hibernation, cold tolerance and adaptation, cryoprotective compounds, medical applications of reduced temperature, cryosurgery, hypothermia, and perfusion of organs).
The authors suggest that this cryoprotective adaptation would have protected ancestral northern Europeans from the effects of suddenly increasingly colder climates, such as those believed to have arisen around 14,000 years ago and culminating in the Younger Dryas.
The larvae are extremely freeze tolerant, able to survive temperatures down to -70 C. As temperatures decrease during the late arctic summer the larvae start synthesizing cryoprotective compounds, such as glycerol, in addition to some unusual ones, e.g. betaine.
The cryonic technicians were now preparing Ben for the plane trip to the storage facility in Phoenix, Arizona, where he knew he would receive cryoprotective perfusion to minimize freezing injury to cells, and eventually be cooled to minus 196 degrees Celsius.