cover thickness

Typical soil cover thickness is a minimum of 150 mm.

Annual variations in ice cover thickness also affect species composition through ice scouring of the sea floor.

Different parameters such as type of concrete, bar location, and cover thickness were considered as variables in different specimens.

Increasing the cover thickness is also expensive and not really feasible as few decks have the reserve load-carrying capacity required by such additions.

Key words: axial load resistance, computer program, concrete cover thickness, deterioration of strength and stiffness, direct models, fire endurance, reinforced concrete columns, temperature–time relationships.

Together with a set of auxiliary data like ice density, snow cover thickness, air pressure, water salinity one can calculate the flow thickness and thus its volume.

Due to the CHEVRON profile there is less abrasion and therefore the top cover thickness can be reduced in comparison with those used on flat belts.

After establishing the air temperature distribution for the site, the moisture content of the cover material is the most important parameter governing the maximum thaw depth or the required cover thickness.

The final derivation allows the expected ice jam thickness to be computed, given the bed and ice cover roughness coefficients, the channel characteristics, the water surface gradient, and the pre-breakup channel ice cover thickness.

The experimental results show that failure of concrete cover was produced at temperatures varying between +50 and +60 °C for slabs having a ratio of concrete cover thickness to FRP bar diameter (c/db) less than or equal to 1.4.

Full factorial 23 experimental design using heterogeneous batch reactors was conducted to investigate statistically the individual and combined effects of soil moisture content, nutrient addition, and cover thickness on the CH4 oxidation process, during the migration through a landfill cover soil.

In the simulation model, the variation of the ice cover thickness is related to the ambient air temperature by the formula Key words: breakup, degree-day method, ice cover thickness, river, simulation, St. Lawrence River.