concerted practice

Undertakings must then have formed an agreement, developed a "concerted practice", or, within an association, taken a decision.

The next item is the Commission communication on vertical agreements and concerted practices in the automobile industry.

The Government reiterated its intention to introduce a prohibition on anti-competitive agreements and concerted practices.

Decisions by associations of undertakings or concerted practices (which we refer to in this book as 'arrangements')

'Concerted practices' are also covered - this describes forms of cooperation between businesses that fall short of an agreement or decision.

The investigation will focus on allegations that there could be agreements and concerted practices resulting in fixed or minimum resale prices.

Larger providers temporarily blocked the ISPs that tried to contravene the concerted practice.

We will obviously make sure that the consortia put in place will not lead to concerted practices because membership will vary from country to country.

This famous article outlaws agreements or concerted practices between undertakings in so far as they have a restrictive effect on competition and affect trade between Member States.

According to Advocate General Reischl in Van Landewyck [1980] there is no need to distinguish an agreement from a concerted practice, because they are merely convenient labels.

This policy is crucial to promoting a climate of confidence and to affording proper protection for economic actors, preventing concerted practices, the abuse of dominant positions and other distortions of competition.

Download guidance on agreements, concerted practices and exceptions for anti-competition law from the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) website (PDF, 104K) - Opens in a new window.

Article 101 has been construed very widely to include both informal agreements (gentlemen agreements) and concerted practices where firms tend to raise or lower prices at the same time without having physically agreed to do so.

However, a coincidental increase in prices will not in itself prove a concerted practice, there must also be evidence that the parties involved were aware that their behaviour may prejudice the normal operation of the competition within the common market.

The Commission's record on attacking cartels and concerted practices is impressive, for it has vigorously pursued and successfully secured the termination of a substantial number and variety of concerted practices.

Thus, for example, in dyestuffs the firms did not admit to having formed an agreement, but their behaviour in making parallel price changes had the effect of limiting competition, and consequently enabled the EC to find them guilty of operating a concerted practice for which they were substantially fined.

Since the Green Paper was published in 1997, the development of the institution of vertical distribution restraints has gone through various phases, including most recently the adoption of new Regulation 2790 on the application of Article 81(3) of the Treaty to categories of vertical agreements and concerted practices.

The next item is the report (A5-0144/2002) by Mr Konrad on behalf of the Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee on the draft Commission Regulation on the application of Article 81(3) of the Treaty to categories of vertical agreements and concerted practices in the vehicle industry.

Article 85(1) stipulates that: the following shall be prohibited as incompatible with the common market: all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between Member States and which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market.