blister copper

This raised the production of blister copper to 155,000 t/y.

Blister copper is the final product of converting.

Copper content in the obtained blister copper is typically more than 95%.

The cuprous oxide is converted to blister copper upon heating:

Matte is tapped out and taken to the PS converters for further processing to blister copper.

The blister copper goes to six anode furnaces which feed three anode casting wheels.

In most cases, the slag can be discarded, perhaps after some cleaning, and the matte is further treated in converters to produce blister copper.

The slag is then tapped and the remaining copper matte is then converted to blister copper.

The principal source of tellurium is from anode sludges produced during the electrolytic refining of blister copper.

The customer in this case can be a smelter, who on-sells blister copper ingots to a refiner, or a smelter-refiner which is vertically integrated.

The second stage of converting is aimed at oxidizing the copper sulfide phase (purified in the first stage), and produces blister copper.

A new smelter was built on the same site and commissioned in March 1962, lifting the copper smelting capacity to 100,000 tonnes of blister copper per year.

The blister copper is then further processed in Anode furnaces and, thereafter, the copper is cast into anodes in a twin casting wheel.

The anodes cast from processed blister copper are placed into an aqueous solution of 3-4% copper sulfate and 10-16% sulfuric acid.

These trials included producing copper matte containing 40-52% copper and, in some cases, converting the matte to produce blister copper.

Initially the black copper was converted to blister copper in the ISASMELT furnace.

According to official estimates, the project has the capacity to produce 15,800 ton of blister copper annually, containing 1.5 ton of gold and 2.8 ton of silver.

In 1960, two large roasters and a second, larger, reverberatory furnace were constructed to expand the copper smelter capacity to 70,000 t of blister copper per year.

First, in the 1987-91 period, there was a substantial increase in the output of refined copper, as well as a relative decline in the production of blister copper.

From its inception, the copper smelter had been producing blister copper, originally for sale and then for refining at MIM's copper refinery in Townsville.

The blistered copper is put into an anode furnace (a furnace that uses the blister copper as anode) to get rid of most of the remaining oxygen.

There were 7 relatively small reverberatory furnaces in the smelter and, in the 1930s, a pair of Peirce Smith Metallurgical Converters were added to produce blister copper (98% copper).

Initial copper production used two multiple-hearth roasters, a single coal-fired reverberatory furnace and two Peirce-Smith converters to produce a design 1,500 tons of blister copper per month (18,000 tons per year).

Average annual output is 36,000 tons of blister copper, 100,000 tons of electrolytic copper, 4 tons of gold, 120 tons of silver, and 80,000 tons of industrial sulfuric acid production capacity.

MIM had been selling blister copper, but in 1960 is started refining blister copper to produce copper cathode at its new electrolytic copper refinery at Stuart, near Townsville.