biliary drainage

Two of our 20 patients required further biliary drainage.

However, this plan of management is advisable only if biliary drainage has been established.

Also, surgical morbidity related to biliary drainage remains high in these alcoholic and often debilitated patients.

Thus, external biliary drainage is not warranted.

The insertion of an endoprosthesis was successful in establishing adequate biliary drainage in all the patients.

Biliary drainage tube.

Patients with signs of multiple organ failure are likely to die unless they undergo early biliary drainage and treatment with systemic antibiotics.

Also, he popularized a device for biliary drainage that today is known as "Kehr's T-tube".

After a period of external biliary drainage (usually 48 hours) the guide wire was reinserted and advanced through the stricture to allow insertion of an endoprosthesis.

Our opinion at that time was that permanent endoscopic biliary drainage in CP should be reserved for patients whose poor clinical condition made an operation unsuitable.

Whatever plan of management is adopted, however, it is important that some form of biliary drainage is instituted urgently to lessen the risk of cholangitis.

Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage: A procedure done to drain bile when there is a blockage and endoscopic stent placement is not possible.

The drain can be placed percutaneously through the liver, with the procedure then being called percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD).

Attempts at removing the stones and improving biliary drainage, however, led to a reduction in the number of episodes of cholangitis in only four of 16 patients.

Endoscopic biliary drainage using large plastic stents, is an alternative to surgery in the management of these patients, and can rapidly resolve cholestasis, jaundice, and cholangitis.

Third, 10 out of 32 patients requiring a SCU admission underwent preoperative biliary drainage procedures, which is above the rate for all patients undergoing hepatobiliary surgery.

In one patient in whom there appeared to be delay in biliary drainage at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (>30 minutes), an endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed.

The hospital offers new services and features such as ultrasound, observation rooms, X-Rays, microbiology, duodenal biliary drainages and a gym for physical therapy and rehabilitation.

First, prompt biliary drainage is established in the obstructed duct and second, subsequent impactation of stones is prevented by the presence of the endoprosthesis within the duct.

Although occasional patients with evidence of biliary outflow obstruction due to ampullary stenosis have been described, we saw only one patient in this study with delayed biliary drainage.

Treatment should include correction of coagulopathy, fluid/electrolyte anomaly, antibiotics and biliary drainage with ERCP where available or trans-hepatic drainage or surgery.

If the biliary system is obstructed, PTC may be used to perform biliary drainage until a more permanent solution for the obstruction is performed (e.g. surgery).

In jaundiced patients (stage III or stage IV), there should be consideration of preoperative percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for relief of biliary obstruction.

This study suggests, however, that these may be a satisfactory low morbidity alternative to biliary surgery providing efficient prolonged biliary drainage, without the usual complications and discomfort associated with plastic stents.

If the liver's function is impaired or when biliary drainage is blocked, some of the conjugated bilirubin leaks out of the hepatocytes and appears in the urine, turning it dark amber.