axoplasm

It is probably due to an auto-immune response directed against the axoplasm of peripheral nerves.

The resistance in series along the fiber is due to the axoplasm's significant resistance to movement of electric charge.

In axoplasmic transport, materials are carried through the axoplasm to or from the soma.

Using this technique, the axoplasm of degenerating axons appears dark [ 53].

Similarly, in an axon, some of the current traveling longitudinally through the axoplasm will escape through the membrane.

The larger the membrane resistance, r, the greater the value of , and the more current will remain inside the axoplasm to travel longitudinally through the axon.

Intake of acetylcholine in axoplasm is prevented and the presynaptic nerve releases more acetylcholine into the synapse which initially causes bradycardia.

Neuroscientists are often interested in knowing how fast the membrane potential, , of an axon changes in response to changes in the current injected into the axoplasm.

Similarly, the specific resistance, R, of the axoplasm allows ones to calculate the longitudinal intracellular resistance per unit length, r, (in Ω m) by the equation:

The greater the cross sectional area of the axon, πa2, the greater the number of paths for the charge to flow through its axoplasm, and the lower the axoplasmic resistance.

Supporting this fact, about five times more mitochondria are present in the PNP axoplasm of large peripheral axons than in the corresponding internodal regions of these fibers.

The electrical resistance of the axoplasm, called axoplasmic resistance, is one aspect of a neuron's cable properties, because it affects the rate of travel of an action potential down an axon.

The higher the axoplasmic resistance, , the smaller the value of , the harder it will be for current to travel through the axoplasm, and the shorter the current will be able to travel.

If the axoplasm contains many molecules that are not electrically conductive, it will slow the travel of the potential because it will cause more ions to flow across the axolemma (the axon's membrane) than through the axoplasm.

Axoplasmic transport, also called axonal transport, is a cellular process responsible for movement of mitochondria, lipids, synaptic vesicles, proteins, and other cell parts (i.e. organelles) to and from a neuron's cell body, through the cytoplasm of its axon (the axoplasm).

High levels of intracellular Ca, the major cause of post-injury cell damage, destroy mitochondria, contribute to the generation of reactive oxygen species and trigger phospholipases and proteolytic enzymes that damage Na+ channels and degrade or alter the cytoskeleton and the axoplasm.