alveolar wall

The alveolar walls form such a gas-liquid interface with the air in the alveoli.

There are three major cell types in the alveolar wall (pneumocytes):

Elastin is a protein that maintains the structure and tone of the alveolar walls of the lungs.

The TLC may be reduced through alveolar wall thickening; however this is not always the case.

Hindrance in the alveolar wall.

It may be reduced in disorders that damage the alveolar walls (septa) such as emphysema, which leads to a loss of effective surface area.

The pulmonary epithelium itself produces growth factors that may influence the proliferation of underlying mesenchymal cells in the alveolar wall.

As water molecules pull together, they also pull on the alveolar walls causing the alveoli to recoil and become smaller.

The gases exchange across the alveolar wall and the air inside the alveoli becomes depleted of oxygen and rich in carbon dioxide.

In some alveolar walls there are pores between alveoli called Pores of Kohn.

Alveolitis is the accumulation of inflammatory and immune effector cells within the alveolar walls and spaces.

Type I pneumocyte (Squamous Alveolar) cells that form the structure of an alveolar wall.

Typical histological presentation involves diffuse alveolar damage and hyaline membrane formation in alveolar walls.

Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is a subtype of adenocarcinoma that frequently develops at multiple sites in the lungs and spreads along the preexisting alveolar walls.

The scar tissue causes the alveolar walls to thicken, reducing the lung capacity which leads to the patient experiencing shortness of breath (dyspnea).

This causes fluid, protein, and cells to accumulate in the alveolar wall which slows blood-gas interchange and compromises the function of the lung.

It is formed by the type 1 pneumocytes of the alveolar wall, the endothelial cells of the capillaries and the basement membrane between the two cells.

Initially, the tumour cells grow along the alveolar walls in a pattern reminiscent of human BAC, but subsequently become more invasive and metastasize to the local lymphnodes.

Activation of TGF-β is also advantageous because its production stimulates collagen synthesis in interstitial fibroblasts, which is necessary for restoring alveolar wall architecture.

The problem is that excessive pressure in the lungs can result in small tears of the alveolar walls, causing hemorrhages and air leaks into one or both pleural cavities."

In acute silicosis, microscopic pathology shows a periodic acid-Schiff positive alveolar exudate (alveolar lipoproteinosis) and a cellular infiltrate of the alveolar walls.

The fibrotic scar tissue causes alveolar walls to thicken, which reduces elasticity and gas diffusion, reducing oxygen transfer to the blood as well as the removal of carbon dioxide.

Microscopically, the neoplastic epithelial cells tend to grow along the alveolar walls, in a fashion similar to the mucinous variant of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, a more common form of adenocarcinoma.

J (juxtacapillary) receptors are sensory nerve endings located within the alveolar walls in juxtaposition to the pulmonary capillaries of the lung and are innervated by fibers of the vagus nerve.

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is a fairly rare genetic condition that results in COPD (particularly emphysema) due to a lack of the antitrypsin protein which protects the fragile alveolar walls from protease enzymes released by inflammatory processes.