Scarff ring

Each of the three gun positions had a Lewis gun on a Scarff ring.

The Scarff ring mounting was also new and production was at first slower than that of the aircraft requiring them.

Another Lewis Gun was mounted on a Scarff ring on the top of the envelope to provide a token defence from attacking aircraft.

Unsuccessful in the trials, the Nautilus was remodelled as a ship to shore communicator after removal of the Scarff ring from the rear seat.

The observer was equipped with a Scarff ring and had an uninterrupted field of fire as the fin and rudder were mounted beneath the fuselage.

There was a single forward-firing machine gun for the pilot and a Scarff ring mounted Lewis gun for the observer.

The latter evolved into the Scarff ring, a rotating ring mount which allowed the gun to be turned to any direction with the gunner remaining directly behind it.

The undercarriage used oleo shock absorbers and the observer was equipped with a Scarff ring mounting for a .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis machine gun.

The crude rocking pillar mount for the gunner's Lewis guns was replaced by a more conventional Scarff ring mounting a single Lewis gun.

The gunner behind him, whose need for an excellent field of fire had determined the tail arrangement, had the standard Scarff ring mounted Lewis gun of the time.

Armament consisted of a .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis Gun on a Scarff ring on the extreme nose and a similar installation immediately aft of the wings.

Armament was a single forward firing Vickers machine gun mounted externally to the left of the pilot, with a Lewis gun on a Scarff ring for the gunner.

It was armed with a single forward-firing synchronised Vickers machine gun and one or two .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis Guns fitted on a Scarff ring fired by the observer.

As well as becoming a standard fitting in the British forces during the First World War, the Scarff ring was used in the postwar Royal Air Force for many years.

The Westbury could be fitted with defensive Lewis guns on a Scarff ring position on top of the fuselage, aft of the COW gun mounting, and in a ventral mount.