Old Lutherans

The legacy of Old Lutherans also survives in the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church in modern Germany.

This legacy of Brandenburgian Lutheranism has later been visible in Old Lutherans' resistance to compromise in the doctrine of Real Presence.

These far-reaching concessions aroused great dissatisfaction among the German Lutherans (Old Lutherans and Neo-Lutherans), and the project was unfavorably received by the High Church party in England on opposite grounds.

In a compromise with some dissenters, who had now earned the name Old Lutherans, in 1834 Frederick William issued a decree, which stated that Union would only be in the areas of governance, and in the liturgical agenda, and that the respective congregations could retain their denominational identities.