Machupo virus

He isolated the Machupo virus, which caused the disease, in 1963, but the carrier eluded him for another year.

Albert Nickel, a 53-year old animal caretaker, died in 1964 after being bitten by an animal infected with Machupo virus.

Due to its pathogenicity, Machupo virus requires Biosafety Level Four conditions, the highest level.

San Joaquin has been the site of a Machupo virus or Bolivian Hemorragic Fever outbreak in the 1960s.

Several years later, in 1963, in the remote savannas of the Beni province of Bolivia, Machupo virus was isolated.

Some arenaviruses, such as Lassa and Machupo viruses, are associated with secondary person-to-person and nosocomial (health-care setting) transmission.

The Junín vaccine has also shown cross-reactivity with Machupo virus and, as such, has been considered as a potential treatment for Bolivian hemorrhagic fever.

It is caused by the Junín virus (an arenavirus, closely related to the Machupo virus, causative agent of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever).

Before that he rode into outbreaks of Junin virus in Argentina, Machupo virus in Bolivia and Rift Valley fever in Egypt.

However, other strains of this virus ( Junin and Machupo viruses) are present in parts of South America and other strains continue to significantly affect the southern African population.

Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF), also known as black typhus or Ordog Fever, is a hemorrhagic fever and zoonotic infectious disease originating in Bolivia after infection by Machupo virus.

This includes hemorrhagic fevers caused by members of the family Filoviridae (Marburg virus and Ebola virus), and by the family Arenaviridae (for example Lassa virus and Machupo virus).

Although, there are no cures or immunization for the disease, a vaccine developed for the genetically related Junín virus which causes Argentine hemorrhagic fever has shown evidence of cross-reactivity to Machupo virus and may therefore be an effective prophylactic measure for people at high risk of infection.

Many viral agents have been studied and/or weaponized, including some of the Bunyaviridae (especially Rift Valley fever virus), Ebolavirus, many of the Flaviviridae (especially Japanese encephalitis virus), Machupo virus, Marburg virus, Variola virus, and Yellow fever virus.