Commentariolus

The Commentariolus would appear complete in print for the first time only in 1878.

Most historians believe that he wrote the Commentariolus after his return from Italy, possibly only after 1510.

Copernicus wrote the "Commentariolus" some time before 1514 and circulated copies to his friends and colleagues.

Copernicus initially outlined his system in a short, untitled, anonymous manuscript that he distributed to several friends, referred to as the Commentariolus.

The Commentariolus, which Copernicus consciously saw as merely a first sketch for his planned book, was not intended for printed distribution.

The idea that Copernicus used only 34 circles in his system comes from his own statement in a preliminary unpublished sketch called the Commentariolus.

A physician's library list dating to 1514 includes a manuscript whose description matches the Commentariolus, so Copernicus must have begun work on his new system by that time.

Some time before 1514 Copernicus made available to friends his "Commentariolus" ("Little Commentary"), a forty-page manuscript describing his ideas about the heliocentric hypothesis.

The Copernican system can be summarized in several propositions, as Copernicus himself did in his early Commentariolus that he handed only to friends probably in the 1510s.

He sends an abstract, the Commentariolus, to other scientists interested in the matter before 1514 and is considered to have finished De revolutionibus in 1530, but hesitates to publish before 1543, the year of his death.

Le Commentariolus de Henri Estienne sur la Correspondance de Cicéron, L'Épistolaire en France, Actes du Centre V-L Saulnier, éd.

It is unknown whether he had prior access to Copernicus' Commentariolus, an unsigned, unpublished outline of Copernicus' revolutionary heliocentric theory that Copernicus distributed to friends and colleagues three decades before he published De revolutionibus.

Although copies of the "Commentariolus" circulated for a time after Copernicus's death, it subsequently lapsed into obscurity, and its previous existence remained known only indirectly, until a surviving manuscript copy was discovered and published in the second half of the nineteenth century.

Some time before 1514, Copernicus wrote an initial outline of his heliocentric theory known only from later transcripts, by the title (perhaps given to it by a copyist), Nicolai Copernici de hypothesibus motuum coelestium a se constitutis commentariolus-commonly referred to as the Commentariolus.

Tycho Brahe would include a fragment from the Commentariolus in his own treatise, Astronomiae instauratae progymnasmata, published in Prague in 1602, based on a manuscript that he had received from the Bohemian physician and astronomer Tadeáš Hájek, a friend of Rheticus.

A Latin letter by Burton to a friend, or a 'commentariolus' of Archbishop Thomas Secker, attracted attention, and was criticised by Archdeacon Francis Blackburne on behalf of the latitudinarians, and by Philip Furneaux for the nonconformists in his 'Letters to Blackstone.'

Noel Swerdlow noted of Copernicus' Commentariolus that his model of Mercury is mistaken, and that "[s]ince it is Ibn ash-Shatir's model, this is further evidence, and perhaps the best evidence, that Copernicus was in fact copying without full understanding from some other source".