Hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, and acute renal insufficiency are rare at this stage.

In southern France, some people were inflicted with acute renal insufficiency because they accidentally ate A. proxima, thinking it was this species.

The haem fraction of these proteins is toxic for the renal tubules and elevated concentrations can cause acute renal insufficiency.

The first report of nephrotoxicity appeared in 1964, when Paddock and colleagues reported three cases of acute renal insufficiency, two of whom were found to have calcium oxalate crystals in the renal tubules at autopsy.

For example, in a 2001 case, doctors at a French public hospital who gave blood products to a patient with an acute renal insufficiency were found not to have committed a mistake of a nature to involve the responsibility of the State (communiqué, English translation).

Under ideal situations myoglobin will be filtered and excreted with the urine, but if too much myoglobin is released into the circulation or in case of renal problems, it can occlude the renal filtration system leading to acute tubular necrosis and acute renal insufficiency.